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Hyphal knots primordia4/23/2024 Other Agaricales (‘agarics’) species, representing the more typical case of how meiotic sporulation proceeds in these fungi, lack such a tight synchronization. The formation and maturation of basidiospores and their subsequent release can be highly synchronized, as observed in species with an ephemeral life strategy producing short-lived, autolytic FBs such as the dung-dwelling well-studied model agaric C. The subsequent development from differentiated primordia to FBs is mainly due to cell elongation rather than cell differentiation. Progression of differentiation leads to the formation of bipolar primordia essentially comprising the different ‘tissue’ (more precisely referred to as plectenchyma or plectenchyme in fungi ) types observed in mature FBs. Brig.) Singer), cell differentiation takes place in these FB initials, which already becomes evident in late FB initials. Brig.) Vizzini (synonym: Agrocybe aegerita (V. Usually, as in the model agaric Cyclocybe aegerita (V. Coprinopsis cinerea about 1–2 mm in size. The branches in the hyphal knots intertwine successively to initials, being for e.g. In a first step, hyphal knots develop as a result of enhanced hyphal branching in defined areas of the vegetative mycelium. nutritional mode or FB-specific natural products) the former of which has now been revealed as the major driver of diversification in mushrooms. Depending on the species, this development results in various FB shapes and features (e.g. The formation of fruiting bodies (FBs, basidiomes, basidiocarps) that are in particular formed by species from the Basidiomycota class Agaricomycetes is one of the most complex developmental processes in the fungal life cycle. aegerita revealed interesting candidates both for functional genetics-based analysis of fruiting-related genes and for prospective enzyme characterization studies to further elucidate the so far barely understood biosynthesis of fungal C8 oxylipins. In this study, the combination of volatilome and transcriptome data of C. In contrast, changes in the C8 profile detected in late stages of development are probably due to the activity of enzymes located in the fruiting bodies. Furthermore, we were able to localize the mycelium as the main source for sesquiterpenes predominant during sporulation in the headspace of C. aegerita including lipoxygenases (LOXs), dioxygenases (DOXs), hydroperoxide lyases (HPLs), alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs) and ene-reductases could be identified. Combining transcriptome and volatilome data, enzymes putatively involved in the biosynthesis of C8 oxylipins in C. Differential gene expression was observed for genes involved in fungal fruiting body formation showing interesting transcriptional patterns and correlations of these fruiting-related genes with the developmental stages. aegerita with seven mycelial and five fruiting body stages was conducted. ResultsĪ transcriptomic study at seven points in time during fruiting body development of C. aegerita were analyzed and combined with changes in the volatile profile during its different fruiting stages. To elucidate the so far barely understood biosynthesis of fungal volatiles, alterations in the transcriptome during different developmental stages of C. Its archetypal agaric morphology and its ability to undergo its whole life cycle under laboratory conditions makes this fungus a well-suited model for studying fruiting body (basidiome, basidiocarp) development. Agrocybe aegerita) is a commercially cultivated mushroom.
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